The ten largest economies by debt

Ten largest economies by 2025 nominal GDP (IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026), ranked by general-government gross debt in dollars. Japan's gross debt, 206% of GDP, is the highest ratio in the group by a wide margin; the US has the largest stock at about $38 trillion.

Gross debt is only the liability side of the balance sheet. The Government balance sheets page nets off the financial assets each government owns, and Central bank balance sheets shows who holds the bonds and what's left for equity.

Every input in the Macro inputs table is editable; the charts and the other pages follow. China and India don't report net debt to the IMF, so their asset columns stay blank.